Grammar (1) Review: Future Forms

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be going to + infinitive	present continuous: be+verb-ing	Will, shall + infinitive
Future plans and intentions He is going to apply fora grant. Areyou going to buya new car? I'm not going to goto New York next week.	Future arrangements They are movingto the new office in October. They're meetingat 10.00. She's leavingon Friday.	Instant decision I'll checkit myself. Iwill help you in a minute.
Predictions I think they're going to win.(They're playing very well.) It's going to rain.(The sky is very dark)		Prediction Hewill makea good manager.
		Offer I'll carrythat bag for you. Shall I helpyou with your report?
		Suggestion Shall we start the meeting?
		Promise I won't tellanybody where you are.
Use going to NOT will / won't whenyou have already decided to do something. With the verb go you can leave out the infinitive. I'm not going (to go) to New York.	You can usually use present continuous or going to for future plans / arrangements. going to shows that you have made a decision. We're going to get married in the summer. Present continuous emphasizes that you have made the arrangements. We're getting married on July 12th (e.g. we've booked the church).	Use will I won't (NOT the present simple) for instant decisions, promises, offers, and suggestions. Use shall (NOT will) with I and we for offers and suggestions when they are questions. Use will or going to for predictions.

FUTURE WITH WILL

1) to predict future events

e.g, Robots will replace humans in farming.

2) After verbs and expressions like be afraid, be/feel sure, believe, doubt, expect, think, etc. , to talk about our hopes and expectations about the future.

e.g. I hope people will be happier with their work in the future.

FUTURE WITH GOING TO

1) to express the speaker’s intention to do sth.

e.g. What are you going to do when you graduate from university?

2) to make future predictions where the speaker has evidence that sth will happen

e.g. Look at the screen! The device is going to break down.

GOING TO OR WILL?

1. Going to do sth implies an intention and a plan, and will+ inf implies intention only. Often the action is decided at the moment of speaking.

Compare: 1. I’m going to take an exam next week.

2. –What do you want to drink? - I’ll have apple juice, please.

2. Going to do sth usually refers to the near future. Will can refer either to the near or distant future.

3. We use will to talk about what we think or believe will happen. We may have no evidence.

e.g. I think people will become happier in the future.

We use going to to talk about sth in the future which we can see will happen as a result of sth

in the present.

e.g. His breaks have failed! He’s going to crash!

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Futurist predicts	\|	Choose the correct verb in the sentences.