2. I … (to have) no time to help you yesterday. I … (to be) very sorry about it.
3. He … (to walk) along the street when he … (to notice) a strange man behind him.
4. It was evening. Mary … (to read) a book and I was writing a letter. Suddenly the door … (to open) and my brother … (to come) in.
5. She told me to look where I ... (to go) as the road was full of stones and was lit very badly.
6. Just as I ... (to wonder) what do next, the phone ... (to ring).
7. Jack usually ... (to give) me a lift home, but we both ... (to come) home by train tomorrow as his car is being repaired.
8. Where you ... (to go) for your next holiday? – I don’t know yet, but we probably ... (to go) to Spain.
9. I ... (to lose) my job last month and since then I ... (to look) for another one.
10. This is the second time I ... (to damage) my car.
11. What's the matter? You ... (to hurt) your ankle? How you ... (to do) it?
12. What you ... (to think) you ... (to do) in ten years' time?
13. You… (to let) me know the minute you ... (to hear) any news?
14. Something tells me that you ... (not to hear) to a single word I ... (to say) in the past ten minutes.
15. The last bus ... (to go). Can you give me a lift home?
16. Where is your key? – I don't know. It seems to me I ... (to lose) it.
17. Take these tablets, and in an hour the pain ... (to go).
18. When he hadn't arrived at 11 p.m. ... I (to know) something ... (to happen).
19. Whatever ... (to happen), I ... (to meet) you here in a week's time.
20. I'm not in the list, ... ? I'm still part of the team, ... ?
21. Sam ... (not to receive) the parcel the last time I ... (to speak) to him.
22. By the time you ... (to finish) getting ready, we ... (to miss) the train!
23. How long you ... (to read) this book? How many pages you ... (to read)?
24. We ... (to take) a taxi yesterday after we ... (to miss) the bus.
25. I ... (to feel) too bad yesterday, I was sure that I ... (to catch) a cold.
26. Why your finger ... (to bleed)? You ... (to cut) it with that knife?
27. I hear you ... (to look) for a new job. You ... (to find) one?
28. If she ... (to get) that job she's applied for she ... (to be) delighted. And I think she ... (to get) it.
29. The business usually ... (to make) money, though it ... (not to do) rather bad just now.
30. If you ... (not to tell) him the truth, I'm sure you ... (to regret) it one day.
31. Rice ... (to grow) in this area for hundreds of years, but now the government … (to try) to find an alternative crop because rice ... (not to make) much profit last year.
32. The article … (to read) that unemployment … (to grow) at a rapid speed.
33. When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker just ... (to finish) speaking and the audience ... (to clap).
34. He ... (to keep) looking at her, wondering where he ... (to see) her before.
35. That house ... (to be) empty for a year. But they ... (to take) down the “For sale” sign today, so I suppose someone ... (to buy) it.
36. I ... (to phone) you twice yesterday and ... (to get) no answer.
37. We ... (to buy) a new flat long ago and ... (to move) in very soon.
38. I'm more experienced than you, ... (aren't I, am I not, am I)?
39. Let me help you with the preparations, ... (don't I, will you, won't you)?
40. Let's play a game of chess, ... (shall we, don't we, will we)?
41. No one knows about our plans, ... (don't they, do they, doesn't anyone)?
42. You know why I am angry, ... (do you. don't you, am I not)?
43. It wasn't you who told him the truth ... (were you, weren't you, was it)?
44. I don't think anyone is coming, ... (don't I, do I, are they)?
45. Those flowers are beautiful, ... (aren't those, aren't they, are these)? '
46. There won't be any problem, . . .?
47. Sue ... (to come) to see us tomorrow. She ... (to travel) by train. Her train ... (to arrive) at 10.15. I ... (to meet) her at the station tomorrow.
48. This is our itinerary. We ... (to leave) home on the 8th, ... (to arrive) in Paris on the 9ffi. We ... (to spend) a day in Paris and ... (to set out) that night for Venice.
49. Joe ... (to study) at Teeside Polytechnic for 7 years. He ... (to get) his BSc degree in 1987. He ... (to be) a science graduate since 1987.
50. The trouble with you is that you constantly ... (to complain). You really ... (to think) that you are being found fault with?
51. By the time they ... (to finish) the project next year they ... (to work) on it for over seven years.
52. They won't win unless there ... (to be) a miracle.
53. At Christmas people ... (to spend) their time with families, everybody ... (to eat) special food and ... (to drink) a lot.
54. Where are the children? They ... (to play) in the school garden. They ... (to get) home from school just at about four.
55. He ... (to work) when I came in, and he obviously ... (to work) for a long time, because he was very tired.
56. When I first ... (to come) to this house, it ... (to be) a very quiet area. But since then a new housing estate has been built and it ... (to become) very noisy.
57. This bicycle ... (to be) in our family for fourteen years. My father ... (to use) it for the first five years, my brother ... (to ride) it for the next five, and I ... (to have) it for the last four.
58. When I ... (to buy) my new house I ... (to ask) for a telephone. The Post office ... (to tell) me to wait, but I ... (to wait) for a year now and my phone still ... (not to come).
59. George ... (to collect) matchboxes ever since he left school. Now he ... (to collect) so many that he doesn't know where to put them.
60. I wonder if Mary ... (to reach) home yet? She ... (to leave) too late to catch the bus.
61. I've lost my keys again. I always ... (to lose) things! I ... (to lose) things too often.
62. We ... (to be) extremely tired at the end of the journey that evening. We ... (to travel) for more than 24 hours.
63. You ... (to see) Robert lately? - Robert ... (to leave) just a few minutes ago.
64. Don't make much noise after midnight – I ... (to sleep) soundly, I hope. Wake me up by nine o'clock. –I ... (to sleep) long enough by then.
65. I don't know if the teacher ... (to punish) Bill for cheating.
66. You ... (to be) here before? — Yes, I ... (to spend) my holidays here last year. — You ... (to have) a good time? — No, it never ... (to stop) raining.
67. I ... (to not, decide) yet whether to buy a new car or a secondhand one. But I ... (to think) about it.
68. I ... (to study) at the University of London. I am pretty homesick. I ... (to miss) my old routine. At home we always ... (to have) a big meal at two o'clock in the afternoon. But here I ... (to have) my classes at this time.
69. When I ... (to phone) Helen last night she ... (to wash) her hair and she ... (to not to finish) when I finally ... (to get) to her house.
70. Nobody ... (to watch), so the little boy ... (to take) the packet of sweets from the shelf and ... (to put) it into his pocket.
71. I ... (to think) my train ... (to leave) at 14.33 and ... (to be) very disappointed when I ... (to arrive) at 14.30 and ... (to learn) that it just ... (to leave). I ... (to find) later that I ... (to use) an out-of-date timetable.
72. How many plays Shakespeare ... (to write)? – He ... (to write) 37 plays. Your aunt is also a writer. How many books she ... (to write)? – Only three.
73. By the time we came home mother ... (to fix) supper and ... (to wait) for some time.
74. The first day of the term will be horrible, for everybody ... (to talk) about their holidays and ... (to show) photographs of marvelous foreign beaches, and as I ... (to not to be) anywhere I ... (to feel) terrible of it.
75. When my mother ... (to come) downstairs this morning, she couldn't believe her eyes. We ... (to do) all the washing-up and ... (to made) breakfast for her. We ... (to work) for an hour before she ... (to wake up).
76. I will never forget the impression New York … (to make) on me the first time I … (to see) it.
77. When I ... (to open) the door I ... (to see) a man behind it. He clearly ... (to listen) to our conversation and I ... (to wonder) how much he ... (to hear). But I ... (to ask) him nothing and ... (to invite) to come into the room, The man ... (to turn) round and ... (to run) downstairs. I'd like to know what that man ... (to do) behind my door. But I never ... (to see) him since that time.
78. Venice slowly ... (to sink) into the sea. Scientists ... (to try) to save it and ... (to work) hard at this problem for many years already. But by the time they ... (to find) the answer the city probably ... (to sink).
79. Peter … (to finish) the first chapter of his thesis and now he … (to write) the second one. He … (to work) on his thesis for a year. I think that he … (to finish) it by the end of the year. Usually a post-graduate student must publish some articles before presenting his thesis. Peter … (to publish) two articles this year.
80. Those young people ... (to stand) at the bus stop for the last half an hour. Shall I tell them that the last bus already ... (to go)?
81. What you ... (to do) next weekend? – It ... (to depend) on the weather. If it ... (to be) fine we ... (to go) somewhere in the car; if it ... (to be) wet we probably ... (to stay) at home.
82. When we arrived at the station George ... (to wait) for us for half an hour already. He ... (to wear) a blue suit and looked very handsome.
83. I ... (to not to see) you for ages. Where you ... (to be) all this time? – I ... (to return) from Germany some days ago. – How long you ... (to stay) there? Not very long, we ... (to live) there two years.
84. He always ... (to leave) things till the last minute and you can never be sure if he … (to do) them at all.
85. Yesterday I … (to see) an accident. It … (to take place) not far from my house. The van … (to crash) into the car.
86. Debbie ... (to work) as an administrator at the university. She … ... (to organize) all the timetables and teaching schedules. She … ... (to work) very long hours at the moment because of the start of the academic year but she ... (to go) on a short holiday at the end of the month.
87. When you last … (see) Ann? I … (not to see) her since we … (leave) college.
88. How long you … (to be) in the music business, Paul? – For a year or so.
89. I ... (to phone) about your advertisement for a bicycle for sale, which I (to see) in the local paper. You ... (to sell) it or it … (to be) still available?
90. Mr Blake is the bank manager. He ... (to be) here for twenty-five years. He says he ... (to be going) to retire soon.
91. We ... (to miss) the last bus. Now we ... (to walk) home in the rain and ... (to feel) miserable.
92. I ... (to phone) you twice yesterday and ... (to get) no answer. Where you ... (to be) and what you ... (to do) the whole day?
93. I just ... (to receive) a letter saying that we ... (not to pay) this electricity bill.
94. I just ... (to remember) that I ... (to leave) the bathroom taps on. – I ... (to go) home to turn them off or you ... (to do) it yourself?
95. I ... (not to understand) what you ... (to wait for). Everybody ... (to go) home already.
96. We ... (to sit) in the sunshine for about half an hour when I suddenly ... (to feel) sick. So we ... (to decide) to go home immediately.
97. We ... (to post) a parcel for you three weeks ago. If you still ... (not to receive) it, please inform us immediately.
98. We ... (to go) to Italy next week. We ... (to take) the plane. Usually we ... (to have) two weeks’ holiday but this year we ... (to have) four. We ... (used to stay) at a friends’ house in Verses but this time we … (to stay) at a hotel.
99. This is my new car. What you … (to think) of it? – Splendid! Where you … (to buy) it?
100. He asks my sister if she … (to go) to the concert tomorrow and if she … (to return) home by the time I … (to arrive). My sister says that she … (to work) at home the whole evening and … (not to go) anywhere.
Ex.1. Choose the correct word or phrase in each sentence.
1.When did you last go/have you last been to the cinema? 2.We’d better wait here until the rain stops/will stop. 3.I’ve finished my exams, so I’m having/I have a party tomorrow. 4.Why do you stare/are you staring at me like that? – You look/are looking beautiful today. 5.When the phone rang I had/was having coffee in the kitchen. 6.I can’t go out because I haven’t finished/I didn’t finish my homework yet. 7.How long are you working/have you been working here? 8.I’m waiting for Kate. Have you seen/Did you see her? 9.Your suitcase looks very heavy. Will I/Shall I help you? 10.When I was a child, I used to ride/was riding a tricycle. 11.What do you do/are you doing? – I’m a student. 12.When we arrived home, it already stopped/had stopped raining and the children sat/weresitting outside the door waiting for us. 13.At the beginning of the film I realized that I saw/had seen it before. 14.I’ll get in touch with you as soon as I know/will know the results. 15.I’m sorry, I can’t talk long. I study/am studying for an examination. 16.I stay/am staying at the Hotel Superior. Why don’t you call me? 17.‘What did you do/were you doing when you saw the snake?’ – I ran away! 18.By the time the police get there, the burglars will have vanished/vanished. 19.I’m sorry I haven’t written/I didn’t write to you lately, but I’ve been working/worked hard this term. 20.When I was on holiday last summer, I was going/ went to the beach every day and lie/waslying in the sun from morning till afternoon. 21.The last bus had gone/went so I made my way on foot. 22.Athens is/are becoming more and more attractive to tourists. Have you made much progress with your Greek? 23.Although the city seem/seems to some big and noisy, tourists still find/are finding a lot of quiet places with romantic atmosphere to enjoy a tasty Greek meal and listen to traditional music. 24.The number of taxis in Athens is/are amazing and apart from the rash hour it is quite difficult to get hold of one when one need/needs it.
Ex.2.Put each verb in brackets into a suitable tense.
1.While I (try) to get my car started, a passing car (stop) and the driver (offer) to help me. 2.The police (pay) no attention to the woman’s complaints because she (phone) so many times before. 3.They (get) married next month and they (want) you to come to the wedding. 4.I (phone) about your advertisement for a bicycle for sale, which I (see) in the local paper. (You sell) it or is it still available? 5.The police (think) that they (find) your missing wallet, so call this number. 6.Sorry, could you say that again? I (not listen) to you. 7.We (walk) for two hours already. Let’s have a rest. We (not, eat) anything since morning. 8.This tooth (kill) me lately! So I (make) an appointment with the dentist for Monday. 9.The train (arrive) at 8 tomorrow evening, so I (meet) them at the station. I (take) a taxi. 10.Which hotel she (stay in) when she comes here? ~ Oh, I (see) her today. She (come) yesterday and (stay) in the Orion. ~ You (happen) to know her telephone number? ~ Sure. 11.I (stand) here for a quarter of an hour already. I’ll get some money from the bank when it (open). ~ What you (want) to buy? ~ I ( go) on holiday tomorrow and (return) in a month. 12.I’m sure you (feel) better after you (take) the medicine. I (want) you to believe me. 13.When I (see) her tomorrow, I (tell) her this news, if she (want) to listen to me. 14.She (carry) this heavy bag all the way. That’s why she is so tired. Why you (not/help) her? 15.(you ever think) what exactly (you do) after you (graduate) from university? 16.According to computer experts, computers (make) soon accurate predictions about the future, but people (not be able) to do it. 17.Professor Vincent, from Cambridge University (believe) that by 2050, computers (replace) teachers, and (also do) most of the jobs that the police (do) now. ‘Computers (become) more intelligent all the time,’ he says. ‘Soon they (direct) traffic and (teach) our children and also they (tell) us about the future!’ 18.Venice slowly (sink) into the sea. Scientists (try) to save it and (work) hard at this problem for many years already. But by the time they (find) the answer, the city probably (sink).
Ex.3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form.
1.The director (not to allow) the actors to travel by air while they (work) on the film last time. 2.When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker just (finish) speaking and the audience (clap). 3.I remember that while I (learn) to drive I (have) ten accidents. 4.Yesterday he (have) a bad fall while he (repair) the roof of his house. 5.While we (fish) someone came to the house and (leave) this note for us. 6.The exam just (begin) and the candidates (write) their names at the top of their papers. 7.I lit the fire at 6.00 and it (burn) brightly when Jane (come) in at 7.00. 8.When I arrived, the lecture (start) already and the professor (write) something on the blackboard. 9.He was very polite. Whenever his wife (enter) the room he (stand) up. 10.What you (think) of his last book? – I (like) it very much. It’s the most interesting book I ever (read). 11.When she (leave) school, she cut her hair and (wear) it short ever since. 12.Mr Blake is the bank manager. He (be) here for twenty-five years. He says he (be going) to retire soon. 13.We (miss) the last bus. Now we (walk) home in the rain and (feel) miserable. 14.You (know) that lady who just (leave) the shop? She (be) a customer of yours? 15.You (see) my bag anywhere? I (look) for it for ages but I haven’t found it yet. 16.You are tired. You (drive) all day. Let me drive now. 17.That helicopter (fly) round the house for the last hour. You (think) it (take) photographs? 18.The radio (play) since 7 a.m. and I (have) a headache, so I want you to turn it off. 19.He (study) Russian for two years but he (not learn) even the alphabet yet. 20.That house (be) empty for a year. But they (take) down the “For Sale” sign today, so I suppose someone (buy) it already. 21.I (phone) you twice yesterday and (get) no answer. Where (you be) and what (you do) the whole day? 22.It (snow) for three days now. The roads will be blocked if it (not to stop) soon. 23.He (sleep) since ten o’clock. It’s time he woke up. He is to be at college in ten minutes. 24.I only (hear) from him twice since he (go) away. I (not see) him for ages. 25.Sam, why (you make) such a horrible noise? – I (lose) my key and I (try) to wake my mother but she (not to hear) anything. 26.We (buy) a new flat not long ago and we (move) in very soon. We (not, buy) new furniture yet. 27.If you (learn) another language, you will get a better job when you (leave) school. 28.I am sure that I (recognize) him when we (meet) next summer. 29.I hope you (understand) everything when you (be) older. Now you (not understand) anything. 30.I’m sorry that the child (see) the accident yesterday. – I (not think) it matters. He (forget) everything soon.
Ex4. Complete the sentences with the correct verb forms.
1. He says that they (broadcast) his speech tonight. He (get) ready for it now. 2. She (hire) a typewriter already and she (learn) to type soon. 3.I (plan) already my future for the next ten years. – That is very clever of you. 4.What you (do) when you (leave) university? – I (not decide) yet. 5.There (be) a phone again. – Take no notice. We (not answer) it. 6.They just (take) him to hospital with a broken leg. He (stay) there for a week or two. 7.You (drive), please? I (not like) driving at night. It (rain) cats and dogs now. 8.It is raining. If you (walk) there in this rain, you (get) awfully wet. 9.We just (get) to the top in time. The sun (rise) in a minute. 10.It is nearly autumn; soon the leaves (change) their colour. 11.The ship (leave) in a few minutes and all persons not travelling are asked to go ashore. 12.I hope you (do) well in the race tomorrow. I (think) of you. 13.I (not take) any photographs for some time because I must repair my camera. 14.She (not sing) at the last concert, because she (go) home suddenly. 15.I’m sorry but I (not feed) your dog again. He always (try) to bite me when I come near him. 16.He won’t be wearing uniform when you (see) him, because he (be) on leave then, and they (not wear) uniform when they (be) on leave. 17.She promised to phone me in the morning, but it is now 12 o’clock and she (not phone) yet. 18.I just (receive) a letter saying that we (not pay) this electricity bill. 19.How long you (be) out of work? – I (not be) out of work now. I already (start) a new job. 20.You (finish) checking the accounts? – No, not quite. I (do) it in half an hour. 21.She (lose) her job last month and since then she (be) out of work. – Why she (lose) her job? – I (not know). 22.What (you think) the children (do) when we (get) home yesterday? – I think they (sleep). 23.I just (remember) that I (leave) the bathroom taps on. – (I go) home to turn them off or you (do) it yourself? 24.Kate, you (leave) the light on. – Oh, so I … . I (go) and turn it off. 25.He (give) me back the book, (thank) me for lending it to him and said that he (enjoy) it very much. 26.Dear Mr Smith, my family and I (suffer) a great deal lately from the noise made by your guests when they (leave) your house on Sunday nights. 27.I (write) to you three weeks ago and (ask) about conditions of entry into your college. But I (not receive) any information yet. 28.By the time you (finish) getting ready, we (miss) the train! - Don’t worry. We (take) a taxi. 29.Sally! I (not expect) to see you here! What (you do) in New York? – I (come) on business. 30.I (hope) to meet you ever since I (read) your first novel. I (read) all the books you (write). 31.If you (come), I (meet) you here in a week’s time. We (have) a good time.
Ex.5.Put each verb in brackets into an appropriate tense.
1.This is my new car. What (you think) of it? – Splendid! Where (you buy) it? 2.— Who (be) you?— What (you mean)? I (live) here. I (be) your neighbour. 3.I can’t find the car keys. What (you do) with them? 4.Sorry I haven’t fixed the plug. I (mean) to get round to it, but I just (not to find) the time. 5.What (you do) on Saturdays? – As a rule I (stay) at home, but next Sunday I (leave) for Paris. 6.I don’t know what time we’ll eat. It (depend) when Helen (get) here. 7.I supported you at the time because I (feel) that you were right. 8.Peter couldn’t understand what had been decided because too many people (talk) at once. 9.Jean, I’m so glad you’ve got here at last. I (wait ) for you all day.10.Please (not to let) me down this time! I (depend) on you.11.Sam (not receive) the parcel the last time I (speak) to him. I hope he (receive) it already.12.I (consider) buying a house, but now I (change) my mind. I (buy) a flat soon. 13.When you (feel) hungry later, room service (bring) you whatever you (want). 14.I (find) it difficult to convince the ticket inspector that I (lose) my ticket. 15.Since I (pay) for our lunch, I (try) to attract the waiter’s attention now. 16.As soon as I (have) a good look at the designs, I (send) them back to you. 17.I (not understand) what you (wait) for. Everybody (go) home already. 18.(anyone see) my pencil? I (leave) it here somewhere. Who (take) it ? 19.When he (not arrive) at 6.00, I knew he (miss) the bus. 20.(you go away) this weekend or (you run out) of money? – I (go) to Paris. 21.What (you think) you (do) in ten years’ time? - I (not tell) you about it. 22.I (really enjoy) myself at the moment, as I already (pass) my exams. 23.(you let) me know the minute you (hear) any news? Don’t worry, I (do) it. 24.Something (tell) me that you (not listen) to a single word I (say) in the past ten minutes! – Sorry, you (repeat) what you (say)? 25.What’s the matter? (you hurt) your ankle? How (you do) it? –I (fall) down today. 26.That’s definitely the last time that I (lend) you any money!—Thanks. I (give) it back soon. 27- It (rain), but if you (take) your umbrella, you (not get) wet. - I (leave) it at work. 28.We (sit) in the sunshine for about half an hour when I suddenly (feel) sick. So we (decide) to go home immediately. 29.He says his train (leave) in 2 hours. He (pack) his things at the moment. 30.We first (come) to this town more than twenty years ago. Everything (change) in the town since that time. 31.Your farther will be furious when he (see) what you (do). –I (show) him nothing. 32.I hope that I (translate) this scientific article before my boss (ask) me if I (finish) this work.
Ex.6. Complete each sentence with a suitable form of the verb given.
1.John always claims that he (be) innocent, but for many years no one (believe) him. 2.Hello, Kate, it’s Peter here. What (you do)?– Nothing much. I (revise) but I had to stop because my computer (stop) working. 3.Father heard the results of the election when he (drive) to work, so he (phone) me when he (get) there and (congratulate) me. 4.I’d like to work abroad eventually. But I (want) some full-time experience first. I (do) a Nursery Teacher’s course this year. We (finish) next week, in fact. And I (get) a Child Care certificate soon.– You (sound) just the sort of person we (look) for. When (you be) able to start?– As soon as I (finish) my Nursery Teacher‘s course. 5.I don’t want to spend a lot of money today because I (save) as much as I can until I (go) on holiday. 6.You (watch) this stupid film since the lunch time. Let’s switch over to the other channel, … ? 7.Fanny’s really excited about going to England. She (not be) there before though she (learn) English for several years. 8.My sister (be) interested in medicine since she (be) a child. 9.Oh, dear. What can we do? I’m sure something dreadful (happen); we (wait) over an hour and he (not phone) yet. 10.We (post) the parcel three weeks ago. If you still (not receive) it, please inform us immediately. 11.I (work) in this company for a month already. Everyone (be) very friendly. I (expect) to have quite a lot of problems, but I (not have) any really. Not here at work, anyway. And I (make) a lot of new friends. Unfortunately, the journey to work (be) too long. It (take) me one hour to get here every day.12.Twenty years ago few people (realize) that computers (become) part of our daily lives. This short period of time (see) enormous changes in business, education and public administration. Many people may now be wondering whether the spread of computers (bring) us as many problems as it (solve). 13.I (be) pleased to see my old university friends at the conference last week as we (not see) each other since we (finish) our course. 14.We had to wait for hours at the airport because the bad weather (delay) all the flights. 15.Oh, dear. I hope you (feel) better now. I (make) some tea when the news (finish). … I (bring) you a cup? ~ No, don’t bother. Thanks. 16.I think we must keep in touch. (you remember) to send me your address when you (set) to the States? 17.-We (not get) enough money to pay for the advertising we need. (you be) in touch with the bank yet? -Yes. I (see) the manager next Monday. 18.In Britain schools (change) a lot in recent years. Standards (improve) and there (be) a wide choice of schools for getting education. Grammar schools still (exist) in the country. Pupils (pass) an exam called the Eleven Plus to go to a Grammar School where they (receive) a good, formal academic education. The name “grammar” (come) from medieval system of teaching Latin grammar as the basis for education. There (be) 200 Grammar Schools today in the country.19.Secondary modern schools (appear) in 1944 for pupils who (fail) eleven plus examination. 20.Comprehensive schools (about 94 % of all schools) (be) introduced in 1965. These schools (provide) an equal secondary education for all people regardless of their abilities. 21. - How are you getting on, Bob? You (look) so sad. - Well, I (start) having bad headaches a couple of weeks ago and they (get) worse. I ( not, sleep) properly, I’m tired all the time, and the worst thing is my hair (go) grey and I’m only 32! - Oh, you (smoke) thirty cigarettes a day for ten years already. You (work) at least ten hours a day since last year. And how you (relax) ? You always (sit) in front of the TV with a pizza and a few beers. You never (do) any exercises but you (lose) a lot of weight at the moment and you (not, know) why. I (think) you (suffer) from stress. You must go to the doctor. He (examine) you and (give) some advice. I (hope) everything (be) all right, if you (eat) a more varied diet and (do) some exercises regularly. But first of all (not, forget) to go to the doctor. 22.I asked my aunt if she (be able) to get tickets to the Bolshoy Theatre when we (arrive) in Moscow. She promised that she (try) to help us though it (be) rather difficult to do it. 23.I (send) the invitation already. I think I (receive) the reply as soon as they (get) it. 24.This week the police (arrest) a couple in Switzerland, where they (try) to sell chocolate secrets. The first person who (bring) chocolate to Europe (be) Cortes, who (be) an explorer. 25.Henry Nestle, who (be) Swiss, (develop) the process of making milk chocolate. Since that time chocolate (be) popular among children and grown-ups. 26.Hijackers still (hold) twenty passengers in a plane at Manchester airport. The hostages (sit) in the plane now without food or water for two days already. 27.Mrs Green (wait) for the doctor for half an hour. When he (examine) her son, he said that the child (must stay) in bed till he (get) better. 28.”While I (stay) with the English family I (improve) my English greatly”, my friend said. 29.She (do) her shopping when he first (meet) her. Six months later they (get) married and since that time (live) together. They are the happiest family I ever (meet). 30.We (go) to Italy next week. We (take ) the plane. Usually we (have) two weeks' holiday but this year we (have) four. We (stay) at a friend's house in Verses. Usually he (work) in Milan but at the moment he (spend) the summer in New York.
NOUN
I. Countable nouns: book – books; dog – dogs
II. Uncountable nouns (only singular number: this,is/was, has/has been, the, much/little, “a” is never used):water, weather*(but: I like to walk in all weathers), accommodation, advice, baggage, luggage, bread, behaviour, money, sugar, chaos, furniture, news, progress, traffic, travel, trouble* (but: troubles in Northern Ireland), scenery, paper* (but: I read some papers), beauty* (but: She is a beauty), work* (but: a work by Tolstoy; but: a works is in Scotland), nature* (but: she has an awful nature), experience* (but: two strange experiences), hair* (but: she has some grey hairs; there is a hair in my soup), evidence(óëèêà), permission, applause, truth, crockery(ïîñóäà), cutlery (íîæåâûå èçäåëèÿ), rubbish, linen(áåëüå), knowledge, spaghetti, macaroni, etc.
We say: what a/ it’s arelief (pity, shame, disgrace, pleasure, relief, comfort, disappointment); awonder; aknowledge (ofsth); a help; a piece of (paper/advice), a glass of (water), a jar of (jam), a rasher of (bacon), a box/sheet of (paper), a packet of (tea), a pot of (yogurt), a flash of (lightning), etc.
III. Singular: a) subjects of study (chemistry, economics, etc: the acoustics is a branch of physics - the acoustics are very bad in this room/ Statistics is a branch of economics – your statistics are unreliable/ maths is … – your maths are …); b) languages (Chinese , English); c) games (tennis, billiards, dominoes, darts, bowls); d) diseases:measles (êîðü), mumps (ñâèíêà), flu, rickets ðàõèò), shingles (ëèøàé)
V. Singular/plural without changes: a) deer-deer (this deer is … / these deer are), sheep, craft (aircraft, spacecraft), salmon (ñåìãà), trout (ôîðåëü), cod (òðåñêà), plaice (êàìáàëà) (but: crab(s), sardine(s), herring(s) (ñåëåäêà), swine, grouse (êóðîïàòêà); b) means (bike is a means of transport – many means of transport), series, species, crossroads, kennels, works (çàâîä), etc.
VI. fish (five fish) – (variety) of fishes; fruit – (variety) of fruits. Âåùåñòâåííûå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå fish, fruit,cheese, wine, glass ìîãóò óïîòðåáëÿòüñÿ â ôîðìå ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà, åñëè ðå÷ü èäåò î ðàçëè÷íûõ âèäàõ ðûá, ôðóêòîâ, ñûðîâ è ò. ï. Êðîìå òîãî, ñëîâî fruit óïîòðåáëÿåòñÿ âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå â çíà÷åíèè äàðû.Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå dozen, score, hundred, etc. íå ìåíÿþò ñâîþ ôîðìó, åñëè ñòîÿò ïîñëå ÷èñëèòåëüíûõ: two dozen eggs, three score (of) years, five hundred pages. Êîãäà æå îíè íå ñîïðîâîæäàþòñÿ ÷èñëèòåëüíûìè, òî îáðàçóþò ìíîæåñòâåííîå ÷èñëî ïî îáùåìó ïðàâèëó ïóòåì äîáàâëåíèÿ îêîí÷àíèÿ -s.
Pack the books in dozens, please.
Scores of people were present there.
Hundreds of fans gathered at the stadium.
VII. Collective(group) nouns: government, army, audience, class (my class are working at theirprojects), club, committee, company, council, crew, crowd, headquarters (øòàá-êâàðòèðà), family, jury, government, press, public, staff, team, etc. (the team was the best – the team were all given medals. Scotland are /is playing France)
VIII. The majority/minority is – the majority/minority of people are …
X.passer(s)-by, hanger(s)-on (ïðèõëåáàòåëü), forget-me-not(s) (íåçàáóäêà), court(s)-martial (âîåííûé ñóä), go-between(s)(ïîñðåäíèê), commander(s)-in-chief, brother(s)-in-law, merry-go-round(s)(êàðóñåëü), lily(lilies)-of the valley (ëàíäûøè)
XI. woman-doctor - women-doctors, man-servant - men-servants
XII. Spelling: a) city- cities / day – days but: the Kennedys, two Februarys b)box-boxes, match-matches, dish-dishes c) potato-potatoes, but: piano(s), radio(s), photo(s), bamboo(s), solo(s), video(s), zoo(s), kilo(s), volcano –volcano(s)/(es) d) half-halves, knife- knives but: chief(s), handkerchief(s), roof(s), safe(s), belief(s), proof(s), serf(s) (ðàá, êðåïîñòíîé), cliff(s). Hoofs/hooves
XIII. Compare with Russian: sledge-sledges, clock – clocks, watch –watches, gate- gates; a lie – lies (íåïðàâäà, ëîæü)
XIV. Different meaning: 1) the needle of a compass always points North – you can draw a circle with compasses (öèðêóëü) 2) it is a custom to give presents – We were searched at the customs.
3) They were shocked at the scale of the disaster – She weighed herself on the scales. 4) The bowl is made of wood – The girls got lost in the woods. 5) There were many people – all peoples (nations) of the world should be peaceful. 6) Don’t go out in the rain – In some places the rains come twice a year.
