русс | укр

Языки программирования

ПаскальСиАссемблерJavaMatlabPhpHtmlJavaScriptCSSC#DelphiТурбо Пролог

Компьютерные сетиСистемное программное обеспечениеИнформационные технологииПрограммирование

Все о программировании


Linux Unix Алгоритмические языки Аналоговые и гибридные вычислительные устройства Архитектура микроконтроллеров Введение в разработку распределенных информационных систем Введение в численные методы Дискретная математика Информационное обслуживание пользователей Информация и моделирование в управлении производством Компьютерная графика Математическое и компьютерное моделирование Моделирование Нейрокомпьютеры Проектирование программ диагностики компьютерных систем и сетей Проектирование системных программ Системы счисления Теория статистики Теория оптимизации Уроки AutoCAD 3D Уроки базы данных Access Уроки Orcad Цифровые автоматы Шпаргалки по компьютеру Шпаргалки по программированию Экспертные системы Элементы теории информации

The subject and functions of Political Economy.


Дата добавления: 2015-09-15; просмотров: 649; Нарушение авторских прав


To define a subject of any science – means to answer a question: That does this science study?

Political Economy is a branch of science concerned with the production of commodities and the accumulation of wealth.

The term ‘Political Economy’ was used prior to the 20th century, (when the term ‘Economics’ supplanted it); for its earliest exponents such as William Petty and Adam Smith, Political Economy was a branch of Ethics. With the growth of positivism in the 19th century, however, Political Economy, like Sociology, came to be seen as a branch of science.

The British pioneers of Political Economy contributed much to the development of Hegel's views in that they showed the relation between human thinking and social relations and how these social relations developed through specific historical stages related to the progress of techniques of production.

After the completion of his earliest investigations, Marx concentrated the majority of his theoretical work on the critique of political economy because Marx saw that the work of the political economists most clearly exhibited the ideological forms which dominated bourgeois society: explaining the science of economics through the perspective of the large and small scale capitalist, not through the perspective of the working class.

Bourgeois ideology reifies human activity into separate branches of science, philosophy and so on, whereas for Marxism, it is essential to understand human life as a whole. Marx explained the relation between political economy and ethics:

“It stems from the very nature of estrangement that each sphere applies to me a different and opposite yardstick - ethics one and political economy another; for each is a specific estrangement of man and focuses attention on a particular field of estranged essential activity, and each stands in an estranged relation to the other. ... the opposition between political economy and ethics is only an apparent opposition and just as much no opposition as it is an opposition. All that happens is that political economy expresses moral laws in its own way”.



The point is that political economy does not describe immutable laws that govern humanity, or rather they only appear so, so long as people continue to participate in the forms of production, distribution and exchange on which they are based.

The political economy carries out three basic functions: informative, methodological and practical.

Informative function of political economy is shown in a scientific explanation of processes and the phenomena of an economic life of a society, the laws operating its development. And also forms the scientific outlook and economic thinking of people.

Methodological function – is expressed that the political economy is the theoretical base to other applied economic sciences, such as economy state regulation, regional economy, finance, the credit, monetary circulation etc.

Practical function– is shown that the political economy forms a theoretical basis for economic policy of the state development.



<== предыдущая лекция | следующая лекция ==>
Economic laws and their objective character. | The method of Political Economy.


Карта сайта Карта сайта укр


Уроки php mysql Программирование

Онлайн система счисления Калькулятор онлайн обычный Инженерный калькулятор онлайн Замена русских букв на английские для вебмастеров Замена русских букв на английские

Аппаратное и программное обеспечение Графика и компьютерная сфера Интегрированная геоинформационная система Интернет Компьютер Комплектующие компьютера Лекции Методы и средства измерений неэлектрических величин Обслуживание компьютерных и периферийных устройств Операционные системы Параллельное программирование Проектирование электронных средств Периферийные устройства Полезные ресурсы для программистов Программы для программистов Статьи для программистов Cтруктура и организация данных


 


Не нашли то, что искали? Google вам в помощь!

 
 

© life-prog.ru При использовании материалов прямая ссылка на сайт обязательна.

Генерация страницы за: 0.004 сек.